PROMJENE U ČVRSTOĆI I DRUGIM KARAKTERISTIKAMA TRIFOLIUM RESUPINATUM VAR. TYPICUM FIORI ET PAOL. (FABACEAE) SJEMENA USKLADIŠTENOM U NEKONTROLIRANIM UVJETIMA

This research was carried out at Analyses Laboratory of field Crops Department in Agricultural Faculty, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey. The germination experiments, which were set up as completely randomized blocks with three replicates, were performed from seed harvest to end in 15 day intervals. In the experiment, the hardseededness (%), dead seed (%), germination speed (%) and vigor (%) ratios in Trifolium resupinatum var. typicum Fiori et Paol. which has different seed color such as yellow, red, green and mixed were determined and their variations in a year were examined. It was determined that seed color and time after harvest could affect all characteristics found out. While the highest hardseededness was determining green seeds (68.4%), the highest dead seed ratio was 2.4% in red seeds. The germination speed was 31.0% in yellow seed and their vigor was found high (38.9%). While the highest hard seed ratio was found in 10th (94.3%) germination period, the highest dead seed ratio was 3.1% in 18th germination period. The highest germination speed and vigor were counted in 21st – 26th period and the lowest values were obtained from 10th period.Ovo se istraživanje provodilo u Laboratoriju Zavoda za analize poljskih usjeva na Poljoprivrednom fakultetu, Namik Kemal Sveučilišta u Tekirdagu, Turska. Pokusi s klijanjem, postavljeni po potpuno slučajnom rasporedu u tri ponavljanja, trajali su od skupljanja sjemena do kraja u vremenskim intervalima od 15 dana. U ovom pokusu utvrđivala se čvrstoća sjemena (%), klijavost sjemena (%), brzina klijanja (%) i vigor (%) u Trifolium resupinatum var. typicum Fiori et Paol. koji ima raznobojno sjeme (žuto, crveno, zeleno i miješano), kao i njihove varijacije tijekom godine. Utvrđeno je da boja sjemena, kao i vrijeme nakon žetve, mogu utjecati na sve karakteristike sjemena. Dok je najveća čvrstoća utvrđena kod zelenog sjemena (68,4%), najveći udio neklijavog sjemena (2,4%) imalo je crveno sjeme. Brzina klijanja žutog sjemenu bila je 31,0%, dok je vigor bio visok (38,9%). Najveća čvrstoća sjemena utvrđena je u 10. razdoblju klijanja (94.3%), a najviše neklijavog sjemena (3.1%) bilo je u 18. razdoblju klijanja. Najveća brzina klijanja, kao i vigor, utvrđeni su od 21. do 26. razdoblja, a najniže vrijednosti dobivene su u 10. razdoblju

PROMJENE U ČVRSTOĆI I DRUGIM KARAKTERISTIKAMA TRIFOLIUM RESUPINATUM VAR. TYPICUM FIORI ET PAOL. (FABACEAE) SJEMENA USKLADIŠTENOM U NEKONTROLIRANIM UVJETIMA

This research was carried out at Analyses Laboratory of field Crops Department in Agricultural Faculty, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey. The germination experiments, which were set up as completely randomized blocks with three replicates, were performed from seed harvest to end in 15 day intervals. In the experiment, the hardseededness (%), dead seed (%), germination speed (%) and vigor (%) ratios in Trifolium resupinatum var. typicum Fiori et Paol. which has different seed color such as yellow, red, green and mixed were determined and their variations in a year were examined. It was determined that seed color and time after harvest could affect all characteristics found out. While the highest hardseededness was determining green seeds (68.4%), the highest dead seed ratio was 2.4% in red seeds. The germination speed was 31.0% in yellow seed and their vigor was found high (38.9%). While the highest hard seed ratio was found in 10th (94.3%) germination period, the highest dead seed ratio was 3.1% in 18th germination period. The highest germination speed and vigor were counted in 21st – 26th period and the lowest values were obtained from 10th period.Ovo se istraživanje provodilo u Laboratoriju Zavoda za analize poljskih usjeva na Poljoprivrednom fakultetu, Namik Kemal Sveučilišta u Tekirdagu, Turska. Pokusi s klijanjem, postavljeni po potpuno slučajnom rasporedu u tri ponavljanja, trajali su od skupljanja sjemena do kraja u vremenskim intervalima od 15 dana. U ovom pokusu utvrđivala se čvrstoća sjemena (%), klijavost sjemena (%), brzina klijanja (%) i vigor (%) u Trifolium resupinatum var. typicum Fiori et Paol. koji ima raznobojno sjeme (žuto, crveno, zeleno i miješano), kao i njihove varijacije tijekom godine. Utvrđeno je da boja sjemena, kao i vrijeme nakon žetve, mogu utjecati na sve karakteristike sjemena. Dok je najveća čvrstoća utvrđena kod zelenog sjemena (68,4%), najveći udio neklijavog sjemena (2,4%) imalo je crveno sjeme. Brzina klijanja žutog sjemenu bila je 31,0%, dok je vigor bio visok (38,9%). Najveća čvrstoća sjemena utvrđena je u 10. razdoblju klijanja (94.3%), a najviše neklijavog sjemena (3.1%) bilo je u 18. razdoblju klijanja. Najveća brzina klijanja, kao i vigor, utvrđeni su od 21. do 26. razdoblja, a najniže vrijednosti dobivene su u 10. razdoblju

The Effects of Different Harvest Stages on Herbage Yield and Some Quality Characteristics of Some Hungarian Vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz.) Genotypes

Bu araştırma, Kırklareli ekolojik koşullarında Atatürk Toprak, Su ve Tarımsal Meteoroloji AraştırmaEnstitüsü Müdürlüğü Deneme ve Uygulama Arazisinde 2015-17 yılları arasında iki yıl süre ile tesadüf bloklarıdeneme deseninde bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre genotipler ana parselleri, biçim zamanları altparselleri oluşturacak şekilde üç tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Denemede materyal olarak Egebeyazı veSarıefe çeşitleri ile 47.1, 47.2 ve 56.3 nolu çeşit adayları materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada 3 farklıgelişme döneminde (çiçeklenme başlangıcı, %50 çiçeklenme dönemi, tam çiçeklenme) hasat edilen Macar fiğin(Vicia pannonica Crantz.) verim ve kalite yönünden en uygun hasat zamanının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Araştırmanın iki yıllık ortalama sonuçlarına göre, en yüksek yeşil ot verimi çiçeklenme başlangıcı döneminde(1836.00 kg/da), 47.2 nolu genotipte (1713.78 kg/da), biçim zamanı x genotip interaksiyonunda ise çiçeklenmebaşlangıcı döneminde 47.2 nolu genotipte (2234.00 kg/da) belirlenmiştir. En yüksek kuru ot verimi tamçiçeklenme döneminde (401.00 kg/da), 47.2 nolu genotipte (387.33 kg/da), biçim zamanı x genotipinteraksiyonunda ise tam çiçeklenme döneminde Sarıefe çeşidinde (451.33 kg/da) belirlenmiştir. En yüksek hamprotein oranı %18.85 ile çiçeklenme başlangıcı döneminde, %17.17 ile 47.1 nolu genotipte, biçim zamanı xgenotip interaksiyonunda ise çiçeklenme başlangıcı döneminde 47.1 nolu genotipte (%19.98) saptanmıştır. Enyüksek ADF ve ADL oranı %37.02 ve %6.49 ile tam çiçeklenme döneminde, %33.93 ve %5.71 ile Egebeyazıçeşidinde, biçim zamanı x genotip interaksiyonunda ise tam çiçeklenme döneminde Egebeyazı çeşidinde(%19.98 ve %7.08) saptanmıştır. En yüksek NDF oranı ise %47.20 ile tam çiçeklenme döneminde, %47.05 ileSarıefe çeşidinde belirlenmiş, biçim zamanı x genotip interaksiyonu ise istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmamıştır.İki yıl süre ile yürütülen araştırmada; ilk yıl iyi gelişme gösteren Macar fiğinden %50 çiçeklenme döneminde enyüksek yeşil ot verimi alınmıştır. İkinci yıl yağışlı başlayan bahar ayının kurak sezonla devam etmesi nedeni ile enyüksek verim çiçeklenme başlangıcında (2178.67 kg/da) alınmış, onu izleyen her iki dönemde de verim düşüşüyaşanmıştır.The research was conducted at Atatürk Soil, Water and Agricultural Meteorology Research Institute Research and Application Field, between 2015-2017 years, according to randomized block split plot design, genotypes as main plots, and harvest times as sub-plots, with three replications. Egebeyazı and Sarıefe vaireties and 47.1, 47.2 and 56.3 lines used as seed materials. The research was conducted to determine the effect of different harvest times (beginning of blooming, 50% bloom, full-bloom) of Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz.) yield and quality characteristics. The highest green herbage yield was obtained from beginning of blooming period (1836.00 kg/da), 47.2 (1713.78 kg/da) and beginning of blooming x 47.2 interaction (2234.00 kg/da). The highest dry herbage yield was obtained from full-bloom period (401.00 kg/da), 47.2 (387.33 kg/da) and full-bloom x Sarıefe interaction (451.33 kg/da). The highest crude protein was obtained from beginning of blooming period (18.85%), 47.1 (17.17%) and beginning of blooming period x 47.1 interaction (19.98%). The highest ADF and ADL were obtained from full-bloom period (37.02 and 6.49%), Egebeyazı (33.93 and 5.71%) and full-bloom period x Egebeyazı interaction (19.98 and 7.08%, respectively). The highest NDF was obtained from full-bloom period (47.20%) and Sarıefe (47.05%). The highest fresh forage yield was obtained from 50% bloom period in first year. In second year, because of higher rainy period of spring, highest fresh forage yield was obtained from beginning of blooming period (2178.67 kg/da) and decreasing was determined at other harvest stages

Forage yield and lodging traits in peas (Pisum sativum L.) with different leaf types

Two semi-leafless and four leafed pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes were evaluated for plant height, lodging scores, and forage yield in eight diverse locations with typical Mediterranean or Mediterranean-type climate in the 2001-2002 and 2002-2003 growing seasons. The genotypes used in this study were forage type with indeterminate growing habit. Significant differences among pea genotypes were found for all traits over years and locations. All interactions which related to G x E interaction showed significance (P>0.01) for all traits. The forage yield of the pea genotypes averaged 26605 kg ha(-1) and the highest yield was obtained from the leafed genotype Urunlu. Its forage yield reached to 35970 kg ha(-1) yield level at Samsun location

Genotype x nvironment interaction and stability analysis for dry matter and seed yield in field pea (Pisum sativum L.)

The objectives of this study were to evaluate dry matter (DM) yield and seed yield of six leafed and semi-leafless pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes, and to compare them for these traits. Evaluation of genotype x environment (G x E) interaction, stability and cluster analysis were also carried out at eight diverse locations with typical Mediterranean and Mediterranean-type climate during the 2001-2002 and 2002-2003 growing seasons. Significant differences were found among the pea genotypes for DM and seed yield on individual years and combined over years, and in all locations. All interactions which related to G x E interaction showed significance (P>0.001) for DM and seed yield. The highest yield (4789 kg ha(-1)) was obtained from the leafed genotype 'Urunlu'. However, stability analysis indicated that for DM yield, the leafed genotypes 'Golyazi' and 'Urunlu' should be grown in low yielding and high yielding environments, respectively. Cluster analysis, based on grouping locations, showed that P101 was the preferred variety in low yielding environments, and P98, in high yielding ones. It was suggested that the use of both stability and cluster analyses might give better results. Comparison of cluster and stability analyses showed that the stability analysis fails to recommend cultivars to different regions where yield potential showed significant differences. It seems, however, that cluster analysis could be a powerful tool to examine G x E interaction. If the number of environments was sufficient, a separate stability analysis could be run in each cluster

Variations and Heritabilty of Some Yield Components in Common Vetch (Vicia Sativa L.) and Persian Clover (Trifolium Resupinatum L.) Lines. I. Herbage Yield

DergiPark: 242164trakyafbdAraştırma, T.Ü. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü Uygulama ve Araştırma alanında 1998-2000 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak kurulan denemede 21 adi fiğ, 3 İran üçgülü hattı kullanılmıştır. Hatların bazı morfolojik özellikleri ve yeşil ot verimleri belirlenerek, bunların varyasyon sınırları ve varyasyon katsayıları ile kalıtım dereceleri saptanmıştır. Adi fığ hatlarında en yüksek yeşil ot verimi 114 nolu hatta (2972.67kg/da ) saptanmıştır. Hatlarda; varyasyon sınırları sap uzunluğun da 49.60-103.40 cm, yaprak boyunda 6.54-14.10 cm yan dal sayısında 2.60-10.10 adet, ana sapta yaprak sayısında 7.60-17.00 adet, ve yaprakçık sayısında 10.10-17.00 adet arasında değişmiştir. İran üçgülü hatlarında en yüksek yeşil ot verimi 7040.33kg/da ile sarı renkli tohuma sahip hattan elde edilmiştir. Hatların varyasyon sınırları ise sap uzunluğunda 73.50-101.10 cm, ana sapta yaprak sayısında 7.80-10.10 adet, yaprak boyunda 16.00-28.70 cm, yaprakçık eninde 2.00-4.50 cm ve yaprakçık boyunda 3.90-5.70 cm arasında değişmiştir.This research was conducted between the years 1998-2000 in the experimental field of Field Crops Department of Agricultural Faculty in Tekirdag. The experiment was laid out in randomised black design with three replications. Twenty-one comman vetch and three Persian ciaver lines were used. In this study, variation limits, variation coeffıcients and heritabilities of same morphological characters and herbage yield were determined. The highest herbage yield was obtained on common vetch line no 114 (2972.67kg/da). Variation li mi ts of stern height, number of shoots, number of leaf on main stern, leaf height, number of leaflet on leafwere changed between 49.60-103.40 cm, 2.60-10.10, 7.60-17.00,6.54-14.10 and 10.10-17.00 respectively. The highest herbage yield ofPersian ciaver lines were determined yellaw seed line (7040.33kg/da). Variation limits of stern height, number of leaf on main stern, leaf length, leaflet width and leafl et length were changed between 73.50-101.10 cm, 7.80- 10.10, 16.00-28.70 cm, 2.00-4.50 cm and 3.90-5.70 cm respectively

Changes in Hardseededness and Other Characteristics of Trifolium Resupinatum Var. Typicum Fiori Et Paol. (Fabaceae) Seeds Stored in Uncontrolled Conditions

This research was carried out at Analyses Laboratory of field Crops Department in Agricultural Faculty, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey. The germination experiments, which were set up as completely randomized blocks with three replicates, were performed from seed harvest to end in 15 day intervals. In the experiment, the hardseededness (%), dead seed (%), germination speed (%) and vigor (%) ratios in Trifolium resupinatum var. typicum Fiori et PaoL which has different seed color such as yellow, red, green and mixed were determined and their variations in a year were examined. It was determined that seed color and time after harvest could affect all characteristics found out. While the highest hardseededness was determining green seeds (68.4%), the highest dead seed ratio was 2.4% in red seeds. The germination speed was 31.0% in yellow seed and their vigor was found high (38.9%). While the highest hard seed ratio was found in 10th (94.3%) germination period, the highest dead seed ratio was 3.1% in 18th germination period. The highest germination speed and vigor were counted in 21st -26th period and the lowest values were obtained from 10th period.TUBAPTurkish Academy of SciencesThis research is supported by TUBAP

Variations and Heiutability of Some Yield Components in Common Vetch (Vicia Sativa L.) and Persian Clover (Trifolium Resupinatum L.) Lines. Ii. Seed Yield

DergiPark: 242168trakyafbdAraştırma, T. Ü. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü Uygulama ve Araştırma alanında 1998-2000 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak kurulan denemede 21 adi fığ, 3 İran üçgülü hattı kullanılmıştır. Hatların bazı morfolojik özellikleri ve tohum verimleri belirlenmiş, bunların varyasyon sınırları ve varyasyon katsayıları ile katıtım dereceleri saptanmıştır. Adi fığ hatlarında en yüksek tohum verimi 94-2-11 nolu hatta (211.1 1 kg/da) belirlenmiş; hatların varyasyon sınırlarının ana sapta meyve sayısında 2.00-7.90 adet, meyve eninde 3.20-7.10 mm, meyve boyunda 4.11-8.40 cm, meyvede tohum sayısında 3.90-8.10 adet ve bin tane ağırlığında 40.80-81.33g arasında değişmiştir. İran üçgülü hatlarında en yüksek tohum verimi sarı (46.33 kg/da ) ve yeşil (44.81 kg/da) renkli tohuma sahip hatlarda elde edilmiştir. Hatların varyasyon sınırlarının ana sapta kömeç sayısında 10.30-15.70 adet, kömeç çapında 0.80-1.61 cm, kömeçte tohum sayısında 13.70-42.20 adet, kömeç tohum veriminde 10.70-42.00 g ve bin tane ağırlığında 0.60- 1.70 g arasında değiştiği saptanmıştır.This research w as conducted between the years 1998-2000 in the experimental field of Field Crops Department of Agıicultural Faculty in Tekirdag. The experiment was laid out in randomised black design with three replications. Twenty-one comman vetch and three Persian clover lines wcre used. In this study; variation limits, variation coeffıcients and heıitabilities of some morphological characters and seed yield were determined. The highest seed yield was obtained on comman vetch line no 94-2-11 (211.11 kg/da). Variation limits of number of pod on main stern, pod width, pod length, number of seeds in pod and 1000 seeds weight were changed between 2.00-7.90, 3.20-7.10 mm, 4.11-8.40 cm, 3.90-8.10 and 40.80-81.33 g respectively. The highest seed yield of Persian clover lines were determined line of yellaw (46.33 kg/da) and green (44.81 kg/da) seed. Variation limits number of head on main stern, head diameter, number of seed in head, seed yield/head and 1000 seed weight were changed between 10.30-15.70, 0.80-1.61 cm, 13.70-42.20, 10.70-42.00 g and 0.60-1.70 g respectively

Plant growth stage effects on the yield, feeding value and some morphological characters of the fiddleneck (Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.)

The aim of this investigation was to determine the yield, some morphological characters and feeding values of fiddleneck (Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.) at different growth stages (budding, half bloom and full-bloom). The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replicates. The maximum plant height (106.33 cm.) was measured for fiddleneck at full-bloom stage. The budding growth stage had highest leaf/stem ratio (0.60). The half bloom and full-bloom growth stages showed the highest green fodder yield (60.20 to 60.47 t ha-1) and dry matter yield (9.77 to 9.87t ha-1). The budding growth stage showed higher value than other growth stages for CP (13.22%). The highest ADF ratio (37.33%) was determined from plants at the full-bloom stage, whereas the maximum NDF (45.43-45.60%) and ADL (22.43-23.70%) ratios were found at the half bloom and full-bloom stages. There were no significant differences between the leaf length (19.76-20.11 cm), number of leaves per plant (27.65-30.21), main stem diameter (5.48-5.77 mm), Ca (0.97-0.98%) and Mg (0.37-0.39%) contents. Differences in P (0.42-0.67%) and K (2.27-2.38%) contents of the growth stages were significant. It is concluded that in the subtropical region under dry conditions, fiddleneck can be sown to obtain maximum green fodder yield, dry matter yield and mineral contents. Fiddleneck provided a balanced feed for animals throughout the growing season

Interacción genotipo × ambiente y análisis de estabilidad para rendimiento de materia seca y de semilla en guisante (Pisum sativum L.)]

The objectives of this study were to evaluate dry matter (DM) yield and seed yield of six leafed and semi-leafless pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes, and to compare them for these traits. Evaluation of genotype x environment (G x E) interaction, stability and cluster analysis were also carried out at eight diverse locations with typical Mediterranean and Mediterranean-type climate during the 2001-2002 and 2002-2003 growing seasons. Significant differences were found among the pea genotypes for DM and seed yield on individual years and combined over years, and in all locations. All interactions which related to G x E interaction showed significance (P>0.001) for DM and seed yield. The highest yield (4789 kg ha(-1)) was obtained from the leafed genotype 'Urunlu'. However, stability analysis indicated that for DM yield, the leafed genotypes 'Golyazi' and 'Urunlu' should be grown in low yielding and high yielding environments, respectively. Cluster analysis, based on grouping locations, showed that P101 was the preferred variety in low yielding environments, and P98, in high yielding ones. It was suggested that the use of both stability and cluster analyses might give better results. Comparison of cluster and stability analyses showed that the stability analysis fails to recommend cultivars to different regions where yield potential showed significant differences. It seems, however, that cluster analysis could be a powerful tool to examine G x E interaction. If the number of environments was sufficient, a separate stability analysis could be run in each cluster.Uludag University Research FundUludag University [2002/76]The authors wish to thank Prof. Dr. Vincent Pantalone, Plant Sciences Dept., University of Tennessee, USA for critical reading of the manuscript and his valuable suggestions. The Bursa location of this study was supported by Uludag University Research Fund (2002/76)